Optics

Optics Simulation

Topics

• Refraction
• Reflection
• Coherence
• Snell’s Law
• Fresnel’s Equation
• Lens
  - $n\propto \frac{1}{\lambda }$
  For most materials, this is the case
  For many materials, the amount of refraction depends on the wavelength of light. If this is true, this dependence is called dispersion
  - $I=I_{\text{max}}{\cos }^2(\varphi ),I_{\text{max}}=\frac{I_0}{2}$
  Malus’s Law
  The intensity through a second polarizer depends on the angle $\varphi$ between the two polarizers’ axes
  - $\tan ({\theta }_p)=\frac{n_b}{n_a}$
  Brewster’s Law
  The angle of incident light at which none of the reflected light has light polarized in the parallel to the plane of incidence
  A consequence of this law is that the reflected and refracted ray are perpendicular to eachother
  ${\theta }_p$ is the angle between the polarized light and the
  - $I_{\text{rayleigh scattered}}\propto \frac{1}{{\lambda }^4}$
  The intensity of scatttered light due to Rayleigh scattering is inversely proportional to the fourth power of the wavelength of light. So blue light for example scatters much more than red light

	Nearsighted	Farsighted
Can see	Near things	Far things
X-opia	Myopia	Hyperopia
X-eyeballs	Long eyeballs	Short eyeballs
Lenses needed	Divergent lens	Convergent lens
$f$ needed for focal lenses	$f<0$	$f>0$
$P$ needed for focal lenses	$P<0$	$P>0$
Eye size through lens	Eyes look small from observer’s perspective	Eyes look large from observer’s perspective