Potential Energy

Represented as either a $U$ os $V$

$U_{\text{elastic}}=\frac{1}{2}k{x}^2$

$U_{\text{dipole}}=\frac{kp}{r^2}\cos \theta$

• $k$ is the Coloumb Constant
• $p$ is the dipole moment
• $r$ is the distance between the point of interest and the center of the dipole
• $\theta$ is the angle between the dipole axis and the line from the center of the dipole to the point of interest