Let be a prime number
Prove:
Assume for contradiction that and is reduced

  • Then , and so is divisible by a prime
  • But must also be divisible by a prime because otherwise, squaring wouldn’t get the factor of ( is only divisible by itself and )
  • We write
  • Then
  • Then
  • So then is divisible by , and so must be
  • But this contradicts our assumption that was reduced
    by Proof by Contradiction, the root of a prime number must be irrational